海关总署


中华人民共和国海关对沿海开放地区进出境货物的管理规定(附英文)

1989年2月15日，海关总署令第5号

第一条 为了促进沿海开放城市和沿海经济开放区的发展，根据《中华人民共和国海关法》和国家对沿海开放城市、沿海经济开放区的有关政策法规，制定本规定。
第二条 本规定适用于经国家批准的沿海开放城市和沿海经济开放区（以下简称“开放市、区”）。
（一）“沿海开放城市”，指天津、上海、大连、秦皇岛、烟台、青岛、连云港、南通、宁波、温州、福州、广州、湛江和北海十四个沿海港口城市的市区及经国务院批准享受沿海开放城市待遇的其它城市的市区。
（二）“沿海经济开放区”，指长江三角洲、珠江三角洲、闽南厦漳泉三角地区和辽东半岛、胶东半岛及沿海其他地区规定范围内开放市的市区、重点县的城关区（或经省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准的重点工业卫星镇），以及安排以发展出口为目标的、利用外资建设的农业技术引进项目、农产品生产基地和农产品初级加工厂的上述市、县所辖农村。
第三条 开放市、区内从事进出口业务的外贸企业、生产企业，应持国家规定的主管部门的批准证件向海关办理注册登记手续。
第四条 开放市、区进出口的货物，应当由收发货人或其代理人填写进出口货物报关单如实向海关审报，并按国家规定交验进出口许可证件和其他有关单证。
第五条 本规定第三条所述企业对经批准减免税的进出口货物应该建立专门帐册，定期向海关报告有关货物的使用、销售、加工、出口、库存等情况。有条件的企业经海关批准可以建立保税仓库或保税工厂，海关按保税仓库或保税工厂的管理办法进行管理。
海关认为必要时，可以向有关企业或工业卫星镇派驻关员，办理有关进出口货物的海关手续，并进行实际监管。有关企业和工业卫星镇应当提供必要的办公场所和方便条件。
第六条 开放市、区的单位或企业进出口下列货物，其关税和工商统一税（或产品税、或增值税）可享受以下优惠：
（一）外商投资企业（包括中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业和外商独资经营企业）作为投资（包括追加投资）进口的用于本企业生产和管理的设备、建筑器材；为生产出口产品所实际耗用的进口原材料、元器件、零部件、包装物料等；上述企业在其投资总额以内进口自用、合理数量的交通工具、办公用品；投资的外商和国外技职人员进口安家物品和自用、合理数量的交通工具，予以免税。
外商投资企业的产品出口（不含国家限制出口产品）时，免征出口税。
对沿海开放城市外国企业常驻机构进口自用办公用品和交通工具，在合理数量范围内，也可予以免税；
（二）为进行现有企业技术改造，进口国内暂不能生产或不能保证供应的关键设备、仪器仪表和其他必需器材，不论外汇来源，一九九○年以前予以免税；
（三）沿海经济开放区规定范围内的开放市、县所辖农村，为安排发展出口农业产品加工项目所需进口的种子、种苗、种畜、饲料、动植物保护药物，耕作、种植、养殖和农产品加工机具以及其他必需的技术装备，不论外汇来源，一九九○年以前，予以免税。
第七条 开放市、区内进口的减免税物资只限于本单位本项目使用，未经主管部门批准并办结海关手续，不得擅自转让、出售或移作他用。
第八条 开放市、区使用免税进口料件加工装配的制成品应复运出口。
前款制成品经批准转内销时，有关企业应当事先向海关申报，经海关核准后，按规定补办进口手续，海关对其所含免税进口料件补征税款。
第九条 加工出口项目进口料件或加工后的半成品需转厂加工时，必须在海关监管下进行，并按海关有关规定办理。
第十条 开放市、区进出口的货物属国家限制进出口和实行许可证管理的商品，按照国家的有关规定办理。
第十一条 凡违反本规定或海关其他规定的走私行为及违反海关监管规定的行为，由海关依照《中华人民共和国海关法》和其他有关法规的规定进行处理。
第十二条 本规定自一九八九年四月一日起实施。

PROVISIONS OF THE CUSTOMS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA FORTHE CONTROL OF GOODS ENTERING AND LEAVING THE COASTAL OPENING CITIES ANDAREAS

(Promulgated on February 15, 1989 by Decree No. 5 of the CustomsGeneral Administration)

Whole Doc.
Article 1
These Regulations are formulated pursuant to "The Customs Law of the
People's Republic of China" and relevant policies, laws and regulations
for the coastal opening cities and coastal economic opening areas to
promote the development of the opening cities and economic opening areas.
Article 2
These Regulations are applicable to the State-approved coastal
opening cities and coastal economic opening areas (hereinafter referred to
as opening cities and areas).
(1) "The coastal opening cities" refer to the city proper of the 14
coastal port cities such as Tianjin, Shanghai, Dalian, Qinhuangdao,
Yantai, Qingdao, Lianyungang, Nantong, Ningbo, Wenzhou, Fuzhou, Guangzhou,
Zhanjiang and Beihai, and the proper of other cities that enjoy the status
of a coastal opening city as approved by the State Council.
(2) "The coastal economic opening areas" refer to the Yangtze River
Delta, the Pearl River Delta, the Xiamen- Zhangzhou-Quanzhou Triangular
Area in South Fujian, the Liaodong and Jiaodong peninsulas, the proper of
the opening cities in the defined domain of other regions in the coastal
areas, the areas just outside a city gate of key counties (or key
industrial satellite townships approved by the people's government of a
province, an autonomous region or a municipality directly under the
central government), and villages governed by the above-said cities and
counties where agricultural technologies are imported through foreign-
funded projects for the development of export and where there are bases
for producing agricultural products and factories for the processing of
primary agricultural products.
Article 3
Foreign trade enterprises and production enterprises engaging in
import and export business in the opening cities and areas shall register
with the Customs authorities with documents approved by departments in
charge designated by the State.
Article 4
For goods leaving or entering the opening cities or areas,
consignors, consignees or their agents shall fill out declaration forms
and declare accurately to the Customs and hand in import and export
licences or other documents, bills or certificates for check-up in
accordance with State-prescribed regulations.
Article 5
Enterprises should keep special account books for goods imported or
exported that have been authorized exemption or reduction of tax, and
regularly report to the Customs on the use, marketing, processing, export
and storage of the relevant goods. Bonded warehouses or factories may be
established by qualified enterprises with the approval of the Customs, and
the bonded warehouses and factories shall be controlled by the Customs
according to regulations.
When necessary, the Customs may send officials to relevant
enterprises or industrial satellite townships to handle Customs procedures
for goods imported or exported and exercise actual control over them.
Relevant enterprises and industrial satellite townships shall provide the
Customs with places and facilities necessary for handling official
business.
Article 6
For the following goods imported or exported by units or enterprises
in the opening cities or areas, preferences are offered in connection with
tariffs and industrial and commercial consolidated tax (or product tax or
value-added tax):
(1) Imported equipment and building materials for production and
management as investment (including additional investment) by foreign
investment enterprises (including Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures,
contractual joint ventures and wholly foreign-owned enterprises); imported
raw materials, parts, components, and packing materials which are actually
used for the production of exports; reasonable amount of means of
transport and office equipment imported by the above-said enterprises for
their own use with expenses defrayed from their investment; household
appliances and reasonable amount of means of transport imported by foreign
investors and foreign technicians and staff members for their own use are
exempted from tax.
Exports (except products of which export is restricted by the State)
of foreign investment enterprises are exempted from tax.
Reasonable amount of office equipment and means of transport imported
by resident offices of foreign enterprises in the coastal opening cities
for their own use are exempted from tax.
(2) Key equipment, instruments and meters and other necessary
equipment imported for the technological renovation of the existing
enterprises, that China cannot produce for the time being or cannot ensure
their supply, are exempted from tax before 1990 regardless of the sources
of foreign exchange.
(3) In villages governed by opening cities and counties in the
defined domain of the coastal economic opening areas, seeds, seedlings,
breeding stocks, feeds, pesticides and medicines for the protection of
plants and animals, machines and tools for farming, planting, breeding,
agricultural product processing appliances and other necessary technology
and equipment imported for the development of the processing projects for
the exporting of agricultural products are exempted from tax before 1990
regardless of the sources of foreign exchange.
Article 7
Imported materials of the opening cities and areas with the exemption
or reduction of tax are used by projects and units only and cannot be
transferred, sold or used for other purposes without authorization of
departments in charge and after Customs procedures have been wound up.
Article 8
In the opening cities and areas, manufactured products processed or
assembled with imported materials, parts and components that are exempted
from tax shall be re-exported.
When the manufactured products referred to in the preceding section
of this Article are switched to be sold in the home market upon approval,
enterprises concerned shall report to the Customs authorities in advance
and go through import procedures according to regulations. Meanwhile the
Customs shall levy the exempted tariffs on materials, parts and components
imported.
Article 9
Import of materials, parts and components for export-oriented
processing projects or the transfer of processed semi-manufactured
products to another factory for processing shall be carried out under the
supervision and control of the Customs and shall be handled according to
the Customs regulations.
Article 10
Goods imported or exported in the opening cities and areas of which
the import and export are restricted by the State or governed by the
licence regulations of the State shall be handled according to the State
regulations.
Article 11
Smuggling acts in violation of these Regulations and other
stipulations of the Customs and other acts violating the supervision and
control stipulations of the Customs shall be dealt with according to "The
Customs Law of the People's Republic of China" and other relevant laws and
regulations.
Article 12
These Regulations shall go into effect on April 1, 1989.


全国人民代表大会常务委员会


全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于维护互联网安全的决定

（2000年12月28日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十九次会议通过）

我国的互联网，在国家大力倡导和积极推动下，在经济建设和各项事业中得到日益广泛的应用，使人们的生产、工作、学习和生活方式已经开始并将继续发生深刻的变化，对于加快我国国民经济、科学技术的发展和社会服务信息化进程具有重要作用。同时，如何保障互联网的运行安全和信息安全问题已经引起全社会的普遍关注。为了兴利除弊，促进我国互联网的健康发展，维护国家安全和社会公共利益，保护个人、法人和其他组织的合法权益，特作如下决定：

一、为了保障互联网的运行安全，对有下列行为之一，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任：

(一)侵入国家事务、国防建设、尖端科学技术领域的计算机信息系统；

(二)故意制作、传播计算机病毒等破坏性程序，攻击计算机系统及通信网络，致使计算机系统及通信网络遭受损害；

(三)违反国家规定，擅自中断计算机网络或者通信服务，造成计算机网络或者通信系统不能正常运行。

二、为了维护国家安全和社会稳定，对有下列行为之一，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任：

(一)利用互联网造谣、诽谤或者发表、传播其他有害信息，煽动颠覆国家政权、推翻社会主义制度，或者煽动分裂国家、破坏国家统一；

(二)通过互联网窃取、泄露国家秘密、情报或者军事秘密；

(三)利用互联网煽动民族仇恨、民族歧视，破坏民族团结；

(四)利用互联网组织邪教组织、联络邪教组织成员，破坏国家法律、行政法规实施。

三、为了维护社会主义市场经济秩序和社会管理秩序，对有下列行为之一，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任：

(一)利用互联网销售伪劣产品或者对商品、服务作虚假宣传；

(二)利用互联网损坏他人商业信誉和商品声誉；

(三)利用互联网侵犯他人知识产权；

(四)利用互联网编造并传播影响证券、期货交易或者其他扰乱金融秩序的虚假信息；

(五)在互联网上建立淫秽网站、网页，提供淫秽站点链接服务，或者传播淫秽书刊、影片、音像、图片。

四、为了保护个人、法人和其他组织的人身、财产等合法权利，对有下列行为之一，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任：

(一)利用互联网侮辱他人或者捏造事实诽谤他人；

(二)非法截获、篡改、删除他人电子邮件或者其他数据资料，侵犯公民通信自由和通信秘密；

(三)利用互联网进行盗窃、诈骗、敲诈勒索。

五、利用互联网实施本决定第一条、第二条、第三条、第四条所列行为以外的其他行为，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任。

六、利用互联网实施违法行为，违反社会治安管理，尚不构成犯罪的，由公安机关依照《治安管理处罚条例》予以处罚；违反其他法律、行政法规，尚不构成犯罪的，由有关行政管理部门依法给予行政处罚；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依法给予行政处分或者纪律处分。

利用互联网侵犯他人合法权益，构成民事侵权的，依法承担民事责任。

七、各级人民政府及有关部门要采取积极措施，在促进互联网的应用和网络技术的普及过程中，重视和支持对网络安全技术的研究和开发，增强网络的安全防护能力。有关主管部门要加强对互联网的运行安全和信息安全的宣传教育，依法实施有效的监督管理，防范和制止利用互联网进行的各种违法活动，为互联网的健康发展创造良好的社会环境。从事互联网业务的单位要依法开展活动，发现互联网上出现违法犯罪行为和有害信息时，要采取措施，停止传输有害信息，并及时向有关机关报告。任何单位和个人在利用互联网时，都要遵纪守法，抵制各种违法犯罪行为和有害信息。人民法院、人民检察院、公安机关、国家安全机关要各司其职，密切配合，依法严厉打击利用互联网实施的各种犯罪活动。要动员全社会的力量，依靠全社会的共同努力，保障互联网的运行安全与信息安全，促进社会主义精神文明和物质文明建设。